3.33.5 indhriyasyEndhriyasyArthE

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Chapter 3

<< Chapter 3 verse 33

SlOkam – Original

indhriyasyEndhriyasyArthE rAgadhvEshau vyavasthithau

word-by-word meaning

indhriyasya – gyAna indhriyams (organs of knowledge- sensory organs which gather knowledge such as ears)
indhriyasya – karma indhriyams (organs of action – sensory organs which are engaged in action such as mouth)
arthE – in objects of such organs such as Sabdham (sound) etc and speech etc
rAgadhvEshau – kAma (lust) and krOdha (anger)
vyavasthithau – are firmly and unavoidably situated

Simple Translation

kAma (lust) and krOdha (anger) are firmly and unavoidably situated in objects of organs of knowledge and organs of action.

Rendering based on ALkoNdavilli gOvindhAchArya swAmy’s English translation of gIthA bhAshyam

‘Loves and hates are rooted in the objects of every sense.’

The objects of the senses of knowledge (or perception) viz., hearing etc, are respectively, sound etc., and the objects of the senses of action, viz., tongue etc., are respectively, speech etc. For each of these objects, one has affection or love, or desire to enjoy, generated by ancient indurated habits (vāsana=predilection or reminiscence).

And hate or aversion is inevitably present in the same objects, as soon as there is the least hindrance in the way, preventing enjoyment thereof.

Such loves and hates hold down the person who would pass through the Jñāna-Yoga course, —who would subjugate his senses. The loves and hates hold him in their (iron) grip, and drive the man to the committal of acts conforming with the (material) nature (he has inherited).

He is thus turned from his purpose of realizing the bliss of ātmā-nature and is lost.[1. Nashtaḥ is literally he who is lost. Vedāntāchārya explains that ‘the loss’ means that the man becomes incapacitated to work for higher spiritual objects (purushārth-āyogyam). Also in verse 3.32: Lost means, incapable of rising to those heights of perfection which is in the power of souls.]

>> Chapter 3 verse 34

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